Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication. We now know that autism occurs on a spectrum, with a wide degree of severity and combinations of symptoms.

Common Signs and Symptoms

While autism is different for each person, some common signs tend to emerge early in childhood:

• Lack of or delay in spoken language
• Repetitive use of language and/or motor movements
• Little or limited eye contact
• Lack of interest in peer relationships
• Delay in basic motor skills like walking or gestures
• Fixated intensity and focus on objects/topics
• Adverse response to sensory stimuli

Autism symptoms can appear by age 2-3, though some less obvious symptoms may emerge earlier. Diagnosis often occurs around ages 3-5 as communication delays or behavioral patterns begin to manifest more clearly.

The severity of symptoms varies widely. Some individuals may be able to function independently in adulthood while others require life-long supportive care. Early intervention is key to improving development.

Speaking with a doctor is the first step if your child shows any signs of delayed development, especially by 18 months old. Autism-specific screening is recommended whenever developmental delays are suspected.

If an autism diagnosis occurs, remember you are not alone. Build an educational and therapeutic team to support your child’s unique needs. With the right treatment plan, those with autism can thrive and overcome obstacles as they grow.